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New Zealand manufacturing sales increased the most since 2002 in the fourth quarter and home building surged, adding to signs economic growth accelerated in the final months of last year.

Sales volumes adjusted to remove inflation rose 3.1 percent from the previous three months, Statistics New Zealand said in a statement in Wellington today. Residential construction increased 7.4 percent in the same period, the statistics agency said in a separate report.

Stronger construction, manufacturing and retail sales suggest economic growth accelerated in the fourth quarter, buoyed by record-low interest rates and an expansion in Australia, which is the biggest market for New Zealand’s exports. The Treasury Department last week said the currency’s 3.7 percent decline against the U.S. dollar so far this year is providing more confidence for exporters.

“Construction and manufacturing look set to provide a positive contribution to gross domestic product in the quarter,” said Philip Borkin, an economist at Goldman Sachs JBWere Ltd. in Auckland. He estimates the economy grew 1 percent in the three months ended Dec. 31.

New Zealand’s dollar bought 70.01 U.S. cents at 11:55 a.m. in Wellington trading from 69.54 cents immediately before the reports were published.

Economic growth is accelerating after GDP increased 0.2 percent in both the second and third quarters of 2009, ending the nation’s worst recession in three decades. Fourth-quarter GDP figures are published on March 25.

Export Volumes

Economists will complete their GDP forecasts after a report on export and import volumes on March 10 and data on electricity generation due a week later. Retail sales rose 1 percent in the fourth quarter, according to a report on Feb. 12.

Reserve Bank Governor Alan Bollard has kept the official cash rate at 2.5 percent since April last year. He will leave the rate unchanged at his next review on March 11, according to all 13 economists surveyed by Bloomberg News.

Manufacturing sales rose in the three months through December by the most since the third quarter of 2002, when volumes jumped 4.1 percent. Eleven of 15 industries recorded gains, the statistics agency said.

Meat and dairy sales advanced 4.6 percent, led by meat. That offset a fall in milk powder, butter and cheese volumes. More than half the meat and dairy production is exported, the statistics agency said.

Excluding those categories, manufacturing climbed 3.6 percent, the agency said. Analysts use the figure excluding meat and dairy as a guide for the contribution of manufacturing to New Zealand’s GDP.

GDP Contribution

“Adjusting for changes in inventory levels, we estimate that manufacturing production rose around 4 percent” in the quarter, said Borkin. “This emphasizes a turn in performance after a period of significant weakness.”

Before the latest period, manufacturing had declined for five of seven quarters.

Demand for exports is being buoyed by global growth, led by China and other Asian economies. In Australia, which buys 23 percent of New Zealand exports, growth was 0.9 percent in the fourth quarter.

The increase in home construction followed two quarters of declines, while non-residential construction fell 6.1 percent, the statistics agency said in a second report.

“We expect residential construction activity will continue to recover over the coming quarters,” said Jane Turner, an economist at ASB Bank Ltd. in Auckland. “Non residential was significantly weaker than our expectation.”

Construction lags behind home-building approvals, which surged 21 percent in the fourth quarter from the three months through September, according to a report on Jan. 29.

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The snow storms that slammed the mid-Atlantic region this month shut down government agencies around Washington, D.C., long enough for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to delay its review of Alkermes Inc.’s new drug application for diabetes therapy exenatide.

Waltham, Mass.-based Alkermes (Nasdaq: ALKS), which co-developed the drug with Amylin Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Eli Lilly and Co., said the FDA is adding five days to its review of exenatide, moving its action date out to March 12 cash advance payday loan.

Exenatide is intended to be an extended-release medication for Type 2 diabetes designed to deliver continuous therapeutic levels of exenatide in a single weekly dose. The application for exenatide’s once-weekly formula was submitted in May 2009 and accepted by the FDA in July 2009.

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Walgreen Co. announced Wednesday it is buying New York-based rival drugstore chain Duane Reade Holdings Inc. to expand its reach in the metropolitan area.

The $1.1 billion cash transaction, which includes some debt and is pending regulatory approval, is Walgreen’s largest retail acquisition to date and is expected to close in the current fiscal year ended Aug. 31.

Through the deal, Deerfield, Ill.-based Walgreens (WAG, Fortune 500) drugstore, which currently operates 70 stores in New York City out of 7,100 nationwide, will acquire all 257 Duane Reade locations in New York City, as well as its corporate office and two distribution centers.

"Duane Reade is a compelling strategic acquisition that will immediately provide Walgreens with a leading position in the largest drugstore market in the United States," said Walgreens chief executive and president Greg Wasson in a statement. "The transaction is consistent with the capital allocation objectives we outlined last fall, which included investing in strategic opportunities that reinforce the company’s core strategies and meet return requirements."

The deal will also give Walgreens an edge over its national rival CVS Caremark (CVS, Fortune 500), which operates just over 7,000 drugstores across the nation.

"Walgreens lags its rival CVS in the New York metro area," said Craig Johnson, retail industry expert and president of retail consultancy Customer Growth Partners. "So this deal now allows Walgreens to leapfrog over its competitor and give it the kind of dominance in New York City that it has in Chicago, where it is headquartered."

Duane Reade, owned by private equity firm Oak Hill Capital Partners, boasts the highest sales per square foot in the retail drugstore industry in the nation, and its sales reached an unaudited $1.8 billion in 2009.

"We are very pleased that this national leader has recognized the successful transformation under way at Duane Reade," said Duane Reade chief executive and chairman John Lederer in the statement.

Customer Growth Partners’ Johnson said the deal will also benefit shoppers.

"This is also a win-win for consumers. Walgreens is bringing the skill, capital and management strength of one of the top two pharmacies operating in the country to Duane Reade," he said. "This will certainly enhance the merchandise and shopping experience for Duane Reade consumers."

Duane Reade, which opened its first location on Broadway between Duane and Reade streets in Manhattan in 1960, will continue to operate under its name after the transaction closes. About 60% of Duane Reade stores are located in Manhattan, while 30% are in outer boroughs and 10% are outside the city.

Though Walgreens expects acquisition charges will lower its earnings per share during the first 12 months after the deal closes, the drugstore projects it will help cut costs by between $120 million and $130 million by the third year.

Shares of Walgreens fell 1% in early trading.  

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A congressional watchdog panel warned on Thursday that mounting commercial real estate losses could endanger the banking system and thwart economic recovery.

A total of $1.4 trillion in commercial real estate loans will require refinancing in the next four years, the Congressional Oversight Panel said in a report. More than half of those loans are underwater, written for properties whose value has dropped like a rock.

The expected losses when loans go bad could hit between $200 billion to $300 billion and threaten 3,000 small and mid-size banks with a disproportionate share of commercial real estate assets on their books, according to the panel.

The report is intended to "wave a red flag" to the White House and Congress that the commercial real estate loan market is going to get a lot worse before it gets better.

"We’re at a point where even as TARP is ramping down another major challenge in our economy is ramping up," said Elizabeth Warren, the oversight panel’s chairwoman. "We need to start now, before the system is on the brink of collapse to figure out a plan," she added.

The panel’s research found that 2,988 banks are heavily invested — with more than three times their assets tied up — in commercial real estate loans. Of that number, 2,500 banks each have less than $1 billion in assets.

Indeed, many such smaller banks have already failed. Small bank failures"will intensify sharply over the next few years," Warren said.

"When commercial properties fail, the result is a downward spiral of economic contraction, as these are the same small banks that create jobs and boost economic activity," she said Business Card Holders.

Solutions: The panel offers a number of possible solutions for policymakers to head off a commercial real estate crisis. For example, it says the Treasury Department should "stress test" banks that are concentrated in commercial real estate loans.

Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner said at a congressional hearing last fall that "it is not realistic or feasible" to review such a large number of banks in a detailed level.

The oversight panel also suggested that the federal government should consider other remedies, including injecting capital into these small banks, buying their toxic assets or guaranteeing loans.

Bank regulators could also simply allow banks to extend underwater loans rather than requiring them to recognize losses, but the panel worries that such a move could delay a rebound in bank lending. But the panel also worries that massive writedowns throughout the banking system could stymie lending and create a "negative bubble."

"There’s a need for a nuanced response," Warren said. She said that banks should recognize some commercial real estate losses, but that regulators should monitor them closely to ensure that losses don’t spiral downward and drag down the larger economy. 

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Problems with Toyota cars are cropping up faster than the automaker can deal with them. Following two different recalls for problems involving accelerator pedals on various models comes the revelation of braking problems in the iconic Prius.

Here’s a rundown of the problems, the cars involved and what to do if your car’s caught up in any of this.

Prius brakes

What’s the problem? Under certain conditions, particularly at relatively low speeds when traveling over rough or potholed roads, drivers have complained of a brief, but significant, delay in brake performance.

Is it being blamed for crashes? Yes, at least four crashes in the U.S. have been reported, allegedly as a result of this problem.

What cars are involved? 2010 model year Toyota Priuses made before January, 2010. Toyota is also investigating whether the Lexus HS250h hybrid, which shares its mechanical parts with the Toyota Prius, might have a similar problem.

Is there a recall? No, at least not yet.

Is there a fix for it? None has been announced yet, but Toyota has fixed the problem on cars coming off the assembly, so there does seem to be some sort of solution. Now Toyota has to figure out how to get that change made to cars already on the road.

What should I do? The safest thing to do, of course, would be not to drive the car until the problem has been fixed. If you do drive, be aware of the problem and allow extra following distance and be begin to stop a little sooner for red lights and stop signs, especially if the road is choppy.

David Champion, Consumer Reports’ head of auto testing, also reminds drivers not to lift off the brake pedal if they feel a loss of power. Instead, keep your foot pressed down hard on the brake pedal and don’t pump the brakes.

Sticky gas pedals

What’s the problem? Over time, gas pedals in some cars become sticky. At first, they just become a little harder to push down and when you lift your foot off the gas, they’re slower to come back up. In the worst case, the pedal on these cars can become stuck part way down.

Is it being blamed for crashes? There have been no crashes or injuries reported as a result of this problem.

What cars are involved? Toyota’s 2009-2010 RAV4, Corolla and Matrix models; the 2005-2010 Avalon; 2010 Highlander; 2007-2010 Tundra and the 2008-2010 Sequoia; and some 2007-2010 Camrys (only those with gas pedal assemblies made by a specific Toyota supplier; your dealer can check). No Lexus or Scion models are involved.

Is there a recall? Yes , 2.3 million vehicles.

Is there a fix for it? Yes. Toyota dealers can install a small metal plate that reduces wear on the plastic parts involved.

What should I do? Get your car fixed as soon as you can. If your gas pedal starts to feel sticky, stop driving immediately, Toyota says. Pull over in a safe place, then call a dealer.

If the pedal becomes stuck part way down, applying the brakes should be enough to slow the car and bring it under control. Don’t pump the brakes, though. That will just weaken your power brakes. Instead, press and hold the brakes. Also, at the same time, you can shift the transmission into neutral, which will stop the engine from driving the wheels.

Keep in mind that these situations are rare occurrences.

Floor mat pedal entrapment

What’s the problem? In some cars, gas pedals can become stuck on the edge of afloor mat, particularly when thick all-weather floor mats are used or when floor mats are stacked on top of one another. In this case, the pedal can be stuck almost all the way to the floor, creating a particularly dangerous situation.

Is it being blamed for crashes? Yes, there have been crashes and some deaths on account of this problem.

What cars are involved? 2008-2010 Highlander, 2009-2010 Corolla, 2009-2010 Venza, 2009-2010 Matrix, 2009-2010 Pontiac Vibe (a version of the Matrix), 2007-2010 Toyota Camry, 2005-2010 Avalon, 2004-2009 Prius, 2005-2010 Tacoma, 2007-2010 Tundra and the 2007-2010 Lexus ES350, 2006-2010 IS250 and the 2006-2010 IS350.

Is there a recall? Yes 5.3 million vehicles have been recalled for floor mats.

Is there a fix for it? Yes. Dealers will alter the shape of the gas pedal to prevent it becoming stuck on the floor mat even when thick or stacked floor mats are used. In some cars, the floor area under the gas pedal may also be reshaped slightly to make more room.

What should I do? Get your car fixed as soon as possible. If your car hasn’t been fixed yet remove your floor mats.

If your gas pedal becomes stuck in the "floored" position, immediately shift the transmission to "Neutral" and press hard on the brake pedal. Don’t pump the brakes but apply even, firm pressure. 

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Starbucks Corp.’s fiscal first-quarter profit soared and topped Wall Street’s forecast Wednesday as the upscale coffee retailer boosted its outlook for 2010.

The world’s largest coffee chain reported a profit of $241.5 million, or 32 cents per share, during the three months ended Dec. 27, which was a nearly four-fold rise from a year ago.

Stripping out restructuring charges, Starbucks posted an adjusted profit of 33 cents per share. Analysts polled by Thomson Reuters, who typically exclude one-time items from their forecasts, expected 28 cents per share.

The Seattle-based company’s quarterly sales rose to $2.7 billion, a 4% climb compared with the same period in the prior year. The revenue beat analysts’ forecast of $2.6 billion.

"Continued innovation, the successful enhancement of the customer experience and a transformed, more efficient cost structure have brought Starbucks to a significant milestone — a return to positive growth," said Howard Schultz, chairman, president and chief executive of the company, in a statement.

During a conference call, Shultz added that Starbucks’ performance during the holiday season was the best in the company’s history, with the Caramel Brulee Lattee, which was launched during the season, lifting beverage sales by 30%.

He also said that Starbucks’ new line of instant coffee called Via outperformed expectations and was a highlight for the quarter.

Same-store sales, which measure sales at stores open at least a year and are a key gauge of customer traffic, grew for the first time since 2007, with a 4% uptick worldwide and a 4% boost in the United States fast cash online. In its last forecast, Starbucks said it expected a rise in same-store sales in 2010.

While analysts expected the pick-up in sales, the increase was a surprise said Buckingham Research’s Mitchell Speiser, who expected a 2% hike.

From mid-2008 to 2009, Starbucks closed 800 stores in the U.S. and 100 international locations, laid off workers, revamped its food menu and tinkered with drink prices. The company’s cost-cutting initiatives saved $580 million in 2009.

"Starbucks’ combination of value initiatives, improved food quality and focus on wellness, and new loyalty programs that are encouraging frequency helped it deliver a high quality earnings report," Speiser said. "They’ve brought it all together this quarter and that will give them momentum going forward."

Starbucks raised its outlook and said it expects to earn between $1.05 and $1.08 per share for the full year. In its last forecast, the company said it expected to earn between 92 and 96 cents per share in 2010.

As announced last fall, Starbucks maintains its target to open 100 stores in the United States and 200 in international markets during 2010.

Shares of Starbucks (SBUX, Fortune 500) surged more than 3% in after-hours trading, after falling 1.2% during regular hours.  

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The Toronto stock market started the trading week off positive Monday, led by higher commodity and financial stocks.

The S&P/TSX composite index closed up 65.17 points to 11,750.54 after a lukewarm start to the U.S. quarterly earnings season and moves by China to cool its economy had pushed the main index down more than two per cent last week to below where it started the new year.

“When China raised the reserve requirements (for banks), it was unexpected,” said Ian Nakamoto, director of research at MacDougall, MacDougall and MacTier.

“All of a sudden, you say: is some of the global stimulus going to be removed quicker than I thought?”

The TSX Venture Exchange climbed 12.25 points to 1,605.72.

Volumes were lower than normal as New York markets closed for the Martin Luther King holiday.

A day before the Bank of Canada makes its scheduled announcement on interest rates, the Canadian dollar moved 0.28 of a cent higher to 97.42 cents US. The central bank is widely expected to leave rates — which hover near zero — alone until at least the end of the second quarter.

The base metals sector was up 1.39 per cent. Late Monday afternoon, the March copper contract on the New York Mercantile Exchange rose five cents to US$3.41 a pound in electronic trading. Regular trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange was also closed Monday for the King holiday.

Teck Resources (TSX:TCK.B) added 43 cents to $41.23 while Labrador Iron Mines Holdings (TSX:LIM) ran up 69 cents to $5.57.

The February crude contract rose 25 cents to US$78.25 a barrel shortly before the TSX closed, taking the energy sector ahead 0.63 per cent. EnCana Corp. (TSX:ECA) improved 46 cents to $35.67 while Imperial Oil (TSX:IMO) gained 46 cents to $41.10.

Crude prices fell every day last week, losing just over five per cent, as the first batch of fourth-quarter earnings and economic data pointed to signs of continued weakness in the U.S. economy.

Oil and gas explorer Enterra Energy Trust (TSX:ENT.UN) said Monday it will convert to a corporation by the end of May, changing its name in the process to Equal Energy Ltd. Calgary-based Enterra said Monday it wants to make the move before a change in the rules governing the taxation scheme for trusts takes effect in 2011. Enterra units jumped 56 cents or 25.93 per cent to $2.72.

Shares in Cirrus Energy Corp. (TSXV:CYR) dropped 68 cents or 24.46 per cent to $2.10 after delivering a disappointing update on its drilling activities at its subsidiary in Holland. A platform refurbishment was meant to allow “continuous uninterrupted production” from its well. Instead, production performance has steadily declined.

The financial sector moved up 0.65 per cent after losing ground at the end of last week in the wake of disappointing earnings results from American banking giant JPMorgan Chase. TD Bank (TSX:TD) was ahead 75 cents to $64.10 and Manulife Financial was up 22 cents at $20.54 .

The February gold contract was ahead $2.90 to US$1,133.40 an ounce and the gold sector edged up 0.19 per cent.

When Wall Street returns on Tuesday, the focus will turn towards the next batch of fourth-quarter corporate earnings figures, including those from Citigroup Inc. and IBM Corp.

So far, earnings have been fairly mixed, with upside surprises from the likes of Intel Corp. offset by disappointments elsewhere, most notably Alcoa Inc. and JPMorgan Chase.

“Are they going to meet their guidance? And how are they going to meet it? asked Nakamoto.

“Expectations have ratcheted up.”

In other corporate news, a group of bidders, including former Canadian senator Jerry Grafstein, says it’s preparing to make an offer for some of Canwest’s (CGS.V) newspapers, including its flagship National Post. The consortium of investors also includes former Global TV executive and Montreal Star editor Raymond Heard and writer and broadcaster Beryl Wajsman.

But Nakamoto said he expected there are funds and companies that would be interested in the whole newspaper chain.

“I would think there’s a bunch of private equity investors _ like even Onex Corp. (TSX:OCX). Why wouldn’t they look at it? It seems right up their alley. Or why wouldn’t the Ontario Teachers Pension Fund look at it? There’s a lot of money out there.”

Canwest shares were off one cent at 7.5 cents.

Mosaid Technologies Inc. (TSX:MSD) shares rose $1.45 to $21.51 after it said its revenue will be $3 million higher in the 2010 financial year than previously thought, rising to an estimated range of $68 million to $70 million. It said the improved performance is the result of a landmark licensing agreement between the Ottawa patent firm and Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.

Heritage Oil Corp. (TSX:HOC) says that Tullow Uganda Ltd. has exercised its right to pre-empt Heritage’s sale of a 50 per cent interest of two blocks in Uganda to Italy’s Eni International B.V., and will pay more than US$1.35 billion for the assets. Heritage shares ran ahead $1.90 or 24.24 per cent to $10.20.

Financially troubled Coalcorp Mining Inc. (TSX:CCJ) says the proposed US$150-million sale of its La Francia coal mine in Colombia has been threatened by a company allegedly controlled by former Coalcorp directors. Coalcorp said Monday it received a letter from Blue Pacific Assets Corp. advising that it will ask a court to block the sale unless it receives about $2 million of royalties that are purportedly overdue and assurance that Coalcorp will terminate the proposed sale of La Francia to Goldman Sachs. Coalcorp shares were 1.5 cents higher at 19.5 cents.

New Flyer Industries Inc. (TSX:NFI.UN) said Friday it received orders for 711 buses in the fourth quarter for a total of $308 million. The company said the orders included 506 new firm and option orders and 205 exercised options for buses. Its units added 10 cents to $10.50.

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Weak demand for office space and an influx of new buildings has caused landlords to drop rents for commercial buildings in the GTA.

Average asking rents fell 9 per cent or from $17.83 in 2008 to $16.20 per square foot by the end of last year, according to a report by Colliers International Monday.

"The impact of the recession still lingers on Toronto’s office market," said the real estate services firm.

Office vacancies continued on an upward trend, hitting 6.1 per cent equal to 11.3 million square feet at the end of 2009 – a 20 per cent increase. Colliers says things will get worse before they get better, with vacancies hitting 6.9 per cent before the trend is reversed.

"Historically, there has been a lag between economic recovery and its impact on the GTA office market," said John Arnoldi, managing director with Colliers.

Another problem has been with sub-leases, where troubled companies looking to reduce overhead dump part of their office space back onto the market.

The sub-lease market is up 48 per cent from a year earlier, and is now above one million square feet.

That space now competes with existing vacancies and accounts for about 10 per cent of total vacancies.

Meanwhile, commercial landlords say their biggest concern during the recession is the financial stability of tenants as tough economic times are resulting in higher rent defaults.

In a survey of Canadian commercial investors by Colliers, 92 per cent of respondents said "tenant financial credit rating" was at the top of their list when it came to making a leasing decision. This compares to 33 per cent when the survey was last taken in 2007

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The European Central Bank will lend banks more money than economists forecast in its final tender of 12-month funds as some financial institutions try to lock in cash at a record low interest rate.

Banks bid for 96.9 billion euros ($141 billion), the Frankfurt-based ECB said today. Economists forecast that it would lend 75 billion euros, the median of 23 estimates in a Bloomberg News survey showed. The cost of borrowing is indexed to the average of the ECB’s benchmark rate rather than fixed at 1 percent, as it was in the previous two tenders.

President Jean-Claude Trichet said on Dec. 10 that market conditions are “stable enough” to allow the ECB to withdraw some of the emergency measures introduced to fight the financial crisis. While the decision to index the rate on the tender will increase banks’ funding costs should policymakers raise the benchmark rate from 1 percent next year, the demand suggests the majority don’t expect an increase next year.

“Banks’ bidding behavior suggests the majority of them don’t expect a change in the policy rate during the duration of the tender,” said Klaus Baader, co-chief European economist at Societe Generale in London. The size of demand “will cause the liquidity situation in money markets to stay relaxed. Overnight and short-term money-market rates will remain very, very low.”

The Eonia overnight rate, the rate European banks charge each other for overnight loans, has declined to about 0.35 percent from 2.2 percent at the start of the year.

The euro was little changed after the announcement, trading at $1.4558 at 12:11 p.m. in Frankfurt, from $1.4538 yesterday.

Flagship Policy

The ECB has flooded markets with cash to fight Europe’s worst recession since World War II and revive lending. It lent 75.2 billion euros at its last 12-month tender in September and a record 442 billion euros in June cash till payday.

The ECB said that 224 banks bid in the latest tender, compared with 589 in September and 1,121 in June.

The 12-month loans formed one of the ECB’s flagship policies this year. The bank will also discontinue its six-month loans after March and only guarantee unlimited funding in its other refinancing operations until April 13.

‘Orderly Unwinding’

The euro-region economy’s emergence from the recession in the third quarter is helping the ECB deploy exit strategies. The central bank earlier this month forecast the economy to expand around 0.8 percent next year and 1.2 percent in 2011 after contracting around 4 percent in 2009.

Still, council members have signaled that they’re in no rush to step up efforts on withdrawing stimulus. Austria’s Ewald Nowotny said in an interview on Dec. 14 that tenders “that we didn’t mention will go on for the time being.” Germany’s Axel Weber said on Dec. 9 that the ECB will have a “process of orderly unwinding” and that the bank will reduce liquidity “slowly and step-by-step.”

The ECB began lending banks as much money as they wanted in the aftermath of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc.’s collapse last year, effectively assuming the role of the money market. In May this year, it announced it would extend the maximum maturity on its loans to 12 months.

“The ECB was more or less successful with its measures to avoid too strong a use of the 12-month tender,” said Juergen Michels, chief euro-region economist at Citigroup in London. “That will make the liquidity drain easier in 2010.”

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All three working-age generations – Boomers, Generation X and Generation Y – agree that the youngest ones are more difficult to manage than other generations, a Conference Board of Canada analysis has revealed.

The two older generations, the board’s November study found, believed Gen Y workers "require more close supervision, are less likely to follow procedures and are less results-driven than other generations."

On the other hand, Gen-Y – people aged 18 to 29 – "may not understand why their Boomer or Gen-X colleagues fail to recognize how busy their lives can be," the report found.

The board did their own national workplace survey and analyzed other data about the consequences of a new wave of multigenerational angst sweeping Canadian workplaces.

Two factors were exacerbating the angst, the board said: an ever-aging workforce and a wrenching shift "away from hierarchical structures" that Boomers are comfortable with to "a more team-based approach" in workplaces that suits Gen-X and Gen-Y more.

"No longer are younger workers largely dependent on the older generations for information and knowledge," the board said. "Younger workers can now access information online and many are often the most expert person at a given skill or task."

Hence, the conflict is "arguably now even greater than before."

Statistics Canada data show that while 14.1 per cent of the Canadian workforce in 2001 was nearing retirement age, 16.9 per cent was by 2006 and more than 20 per cent will be by 2016.

Bosses have the delicate task of getting these three generations to cooperate at work and adapting the environment to get the best work out of each, the board said.

Standing in the way are ingrained myths and perceptions on all sides, which its study attempted to explode. The Conference Board warned against "managing by stereotype."

Boomers were defined as people age 45 to 64 and Gen-X as 30 to 44. For both, the world they grew up in shaped them, be it Sixties idealism or skepticism wrought by corporate downsizing and the political upheaval of 1989, the board said.

All three generations agreed Boomers are "less comfortable with technology, less open to change and less accepting of diversity." The difference was in the degree.

Among the Gen-Y myths the study exploded was their over-confidence. The results showed the youngest workers were more cautious than their older co-workers gave them credit for.

Gen-Y employees told the survey they "strive to have a life that will make them happy." They agreed they are "less willing to work hard and feel they are owed more." They admitted they "seem to have a negative effect on productivity but a positive effect on morale because they are younger, full of energy and complain less than other generations."

They know they’re "often unreliable, tend to do things their own way and do not always follow the rules," the study found. But there’s a good reason for that, Gen-Yers told the board: "One group strictly wants to follow processes while the other wants to get stuff done."

Another challenge for bosses, the study said, is to temper the perceptions each generation has of the other. Among them:

Gen-Y found Gen-X "annoying and aggressive."

Gen-X said Boomers are "have difficulty giving up control," while Gen-Y said Boomers "live to work rather than work to live."

Boomers described Gen-X as "loners" who "lack patience."

And Gen-X contended Gen-Y "think they know everything."

In particular, the study found, Gen-Y workers said they like someone to review their tasks, while Boomers absolutely don’t.

And while Boomers were uncomfortable with the other two generations’ reliance on emails to communicate, the study found the perception of younger generations as careless with spelling and grammar wasn’t true. While 88 per cent of boomers felt it was important to be careful with grammar and spelling, 83 per cent of Gen-Xers and 85 per cent of Gen-Yers agreed.

Similarly, 87 per cent of Boomers said they were careful with details, as did 81 per cent of Gen-X and 79 per cent of Gen-Y.

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