Paulson Takes Page From Rubin, Tapping Treasury Rainy-Day Fund
An obscure U.S. Treasury Department fund that Robert Rubin once used to save the Mexican economy may provide cash to preserve the savings of investors in U.S. money-market mutual funds.
The Treasury will use the $50 billion Exchange Stabilization Fund to insure publicly offered retail and institutional funds, the department said in a statement. The move comes after the Reserve Primary Fund this week became the first in 14 years to break the buck, or drop below $1 a share, exposing investors to losses.
The ESF — a mix of U.S. dollars, euros and yen — was created in 1934. It enables the department to buy and sell currencies to stabilize the dollar. Because it is outside congressional control, Treasury secretaries have been able to tap it for a number of other purposes, including the 1995 bailout of the Mexican economy orchestrated by then-Treasury Secretary Rubin.
The use of the fund in the past “has been very controversial,'' said Peterson Institute fellow Edwin Truman, former head of the Federal Reserve's international-finance division. “It is, on the basis of its prior use, a stretch to use the Exchange Stabilization Fund for domestic financial- stability purposes.''
Record Redemptions
Nevertheless, Truman said it's “appropriate'' for the Treasury to consider all options. Interest rates on the shortest-maturity Treasury securities fell to almost zero this week as money-market funds, fearing redemptions, rushed to raise cash. Investors pulled a record $89.2 billion from the funds on Sept. 17, according to data compiled by the Money Fund Report, a newsletter based in Westborough, Massachusetts.
The Treasury's use of the ESF doesn't always attract headlines payday advance low fees. Late last year and early this year, Secretary Henry Paulson authorized a bridge loan to Liberia to address some technical issues with the African nation's debt-relief transactions at the International Monetary Fund and World Bank.
In 1995, however, Rubin's move drew heavy criticism on Capitol Hill, including calls for his impeachment.
The peso was plunging as Mexico appeared close to defaulting on billions of dollars in short-term borrowings. After Congress refused a direct loan, Rubin persuaded former President Bill Clinton to send Mexico $20 billion from the fund, then talked the IMF into lending another $17.8 billion. Mexico later paid back all the money, with interest.
End Run
This time, an end run around Congress isn't likely to create a huge outcry, said Paul McCulley, a portfolio manager at Pacific Investment Management Co.
“You never can legislate the nature of crisis or how it may unfold,'' he said.
The ESF held $49.97 billion as of the end of August. Treasury officials told reporters they don't expect to use the entire amount, since strict rules that require money-market funds to invest in safe assets will likely prevent widespread failures.
Given that some of the fund is in foreign currencies, using it all domestically would require selling euros and yen, which might be tricky, said Wrightson ICAP chief economist Louis Crandall. However, “it could probably be arranged'' with other central banks, he said.